Pneumatic Drill

Pneumatics

Pneumatics is the use of pressurized gas to affect mechanical motion.

Pneumatics is that branch of technology, which deals with the study and application of use of pressurized gas to affect mechanical motion.

Pneumatic power is used in industry, where factory machines are commonly plumbed for compressed air; other compressed inert gases can also be used. Pneumatics also has applications in dentistry, construction, mining, and other areas.

Examples of pneumatic systems and components

Air brakes on buses and trucks

Air brakes, on trains

Air compressors

Air engines for pneumatically powered vehicles

Barostat systems used in Neurogastroenterology and for researching electricity

Cable jetting, a way to install cables in ducts

Compressed-air engine and compressed-air vehicles

Gas-operated reloading

Holman Projector, a pneumatic anti-aircraft weapon

Lego pneumatics can be used to build pneumatic models

Pipe organs:

Electro-pneumatic action

Tubular-pneumatic action

Pneumatic actuator

Pneumatic air guns

Pneumatic cylinder

Pneumatic Launchers, a type of spud gun

Pneumatic mail systems

Pneumatic motor

Pneumatic tire

Pneumatic tools:

Pneumatic drill (jackhammer) used by road workers

Pneumatic nailgun

Pressure regulator

Pressure sensor

Pressure switch

Vacuum pump

Gases used in pneumatic systems

Pneumatic systems in fixed installations such as factories use compressed air because a sustainable supply can be made by compressing atmospheric air. The air usually has moisture removed and a small quantity of oil added at the compressor, to avoid corrosion of mechanical components and to lubricate them.

Factory-plumbed, pneumatic-power users need not worry about poisonous leakages as the gas is commonly just air. Smaller or stand-alone systems can use other compressed gases which are an asphyxiation hazard, such as nitrogen - often referred to as OFN (oxygen-free nitrogen), when supplied in cylinders.

Any compressed gas other than air is an asphyxiation hazard - including nitrogen, which makes up approximately 80% of air. Compressed oxygen (approx. 20% of air) would not asphyxiate, but it would be an extreme fire hazard, so is never used in pneumatically powered devices.

Portable pneumatic tools and small vehicles such as Robot Wars machines and other hobbyist applications are often powered by compressed carbon dioxide because containers designed to hold it such as soda stream canisters and fire extinguishers are readily available, and the phase change between liquid and gas makes it possible to obtain a larger volume of compressed gas from a lighter container than compressed air would allow. Carbon dioxide is an asphyxiant and can also be a freezing hazard when vented inapproriately.

Comparison to hydraulics

Both pneumatics and hydraulics are applications of fluid power. Pneumatics uses an easily compressible gas such as air or a suitable pure gas, while hydraulics uses relatively incompressible liquid media such as oil. Most industrial pneumatic applications use pressures of about 80 to 100 pounds per square inch (550 to 690 kPa). Hydraulics applications commonly use from 1,000 to 5,000 psi (6.9 to 34 MPa), but specialized applications may exceed 10,000 psi (69 MPa).

Advantages of pneumatics

Simplicity of Design And Control

Machines are easily designed using standard cylinders & other components. Control is as easy as it is simple ON - OFF type control.

Reliability

Pneumatic systems tend to have long operating lives and require very little maintenance.

Because gas is compressible, the equipment is less likely to be damaged by shock. The gas in pneumatics absorbs excessive force, whereas the fluid of hydraulics directly transfers force.

Storage

Compressed Gas can be stored, allowing the use of machines when electrical power is lost.

Safety

Very low chance of fire (compared to hydraulic oil).

Machines can be designed to be overload safe.

Advantages of hydraulics

Liquid (as a gas is also a 'fluid') does not absorb any of the supplied energy.

Capable of moving much higher loads and providing much higher forces due to the incompressibility.

The hydraulic working fluid is basically incompressible, leading to a minimum of spring action. When hydraulic fluid flow is stopped, the slightest motion of the load releases the pressure on the load; there is no need to "bleed off" pressurized air to release the pressure on the load.

Pneumatic logic

Pneumatic logic systems (sometimes called air logic control) are often used to control industrial processes, consisting of primary logic units such as:

And Units

Or Units

'Relay or Booster' Units

Latching Units

'Timer' Units

Sorteberg relay

fluidics amplifiers with no moving parts other than the air itself

Pneumatic logic is a reliable and functional control method for industrial processes. In recent years, these systems have largely been replaced by electrical control systems, due to the smaller size and lower cost of electrical components. Pneumatic devices are still used in processes where compressed air is the only energy source available or upgrade cost, safety, and other considerations outweigh the advantage of modern digital control.

References

Compressed Air Operations Manual, ISBN 0-07-147526-5, McGraw Hill Book Company

See also

Hydraulics

Ozone cracking

Polymer degradation

Pneudraulics

Look up pneumatics in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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Grey Pneumatic 1/4 Hex to 1/4 Square Drive Drill Chuck Adapter. Each $10.27 Manufacturer: Grey Pneumatic. Each. Features and Benefits: This adapter allows the use of Grey Pneumatic impact sockets on a standard drill chuck and are especially useful with our magnetic sockets Made from the same high quality steel as our impact sock

Astro Pneumatic Deluxe Air Spot Weld Drill Kit With Deep Clamp $294.76 Adjustable depth stop which allows you to drill out just the spot weld and not the panel beneath Drill bit removes the entire spot weld, eliminating the need for grinding Kit includes: Air Spot Weld Drill 5. 5 inch Deep Clamp 4 - Drill Bits (2-8mm, 2-6. 5mm) End Line Oiler (3000) 3 Way Swivel (3SB10) Plastic Blow Molded Case Specifications: Drill Bit Size Chuck Cap. 5/16 inch Free Speed: 2,000rpm Overall Length: 8-3/4 inch (222mm) Air Inlet Thread NPT: 1/4 inch Avg. Air Consumption: 4cfm

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Chicago Pneumatic 3/8 Inch Drill With Keyless Chuck $142.75 Quick Change Chuck for fast bit changing Powerful air motor resists stalls and conserves energy Triple idler planetary gearing for smooth operation and extended life Teasing throttle provides precise control Handle exhaust reduces noise and directs air away from work Applications: accessory and air conditioner installation, engine work and auto body repair Free Speed: 2400 rpm Specifications: Chuck Size in. 3/8 Weight lb. 2-1/4 Length in. 7 Average Air Consumption CFM: 3 Air Inlet NPTF in. 1/4 Free Speed rpm: 2400

Astro Pneumatic 8mm Spot Weld Drill Bit $21.27 For use with spot weld drills or standard drills No pilot hole design leaves underside panel intact while completely removing spot weld on top panel

Chicago Pneumatic CPT7300RQC 1/4 Inch Keyless Chuck Reversible Drill $210.58 Features and Benefits: General purpose reversible drill Compact and lightweight for easy handling Ergonomic rubber grip for comfort and control Keyless chuck Planetary gearing with brass bushings for low wear and long lifeWith an adjustable exhaust this drill is excellent for drilling honing reaming and hole sawing. Spindle size: 3/8 24; free speed: 2800 RPM; average air consumption: 4.1 cfm; air inlet thread: 1/4 NPTF; minimum hose size: 3/8 ; sound dBA: 86; length: 5 ; weight: 1.35 lbs.

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Grey Pneumatic GRE1414HA .25 in. Hex to .25 in. Square Drive Drill Chuck Adapter $23.41 Features and Benefits: . This adapter allows the use of Grey Pneumatic impact sockets on a standard drill chuck and are especially useful with our magnetic sockets. Made from the same high quality steel as our impact sockets for extra durability and long life. Feature a spring loaded friction ball retainer nbsp;

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Chicago Pneumatic CPT7300R 1/4 Inch Chuck Reversible Air Drill $212.34 Features and Benefits: General purpose reversible drill Compact and lightweight for easy handling Ergonomic rubber grip for comfort and control Jacob s chuck 1/4 capacity Planetary gearing with brass bushings for low wear and long lifeWith an adjustable exhaust this drill is excellent for drilling honing reaming and hole sawing. Spindle size: 3/8 24; free speed: 2800 RPM; average air consumption: 4.1 cfm; air inlet thread: 1/4 NPTF; minimum hose size: 3/8 ; sound dBA: 86; length: 5 ; weight: 1.35 lbs.

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